Angie's LIST Guide to
Family medicine

Whether referred to as a general practitioner (GP), primary care physician (PCP) or family physician, to you, that’s your doctor. He or she is the one you see for a routine physical, medical tests, nagging aches or mysterious pains. Your family doctor knows your medical history and the medications you take and can refer you to specialists.
 
Family physicians can develop relationships with patients in order to monitor their health and provide consistent care. (Photo by Karen Geswein)
Family physicians can develop relationships with patients in order to monitor their health and provide consistent care. (Photo by Karen Geswein)
 
 
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What a family practice does

In family medicine, or general medicine, doctors develop a relationship with their patients that can be helpful in knowing their medical and family history with disease and illness. A family practice stresses the importance of preventive care, which can help extend your lifespan and prevent premature death while reducing the dependence on emergency rooms and hospitals. 

Family doctors can form a diagnosis, counsel patients on chronic conditions and medical treatment options, order tests, prescribe medication and suggest treatment options and refer patients to a specialist. They can help people with any number of problems: in the ear, nose and throat, in bones and joint, with mental and behavioral issues, with urinary and reproductive systems and even basic eye care. They can also manage complex diseases like heart conditions, hypertension, diabetes, asthma, anxiety and depression. Some can even perform emergency medical procedures and minor surgery. 

GPs can train in different fields of medicine, they can be men and women and they can be young or old.

Qualifications for a family doctor

To work as a family physician in the United States, a doctor must earn a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) or a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) and complete a three-year residency. During their residency, doctors learn about issues such as the patient-doctor relationship, sleep medicine, adolescent medicine and preventive medicine.

In most countries, doctors need to pass a board examination in order to work as a family doctor. The American board also requires that doctors receive continuing education and retake the board examination at least once every 10 years.

Individuals working in this field may work in a private practice, group practice, a public health role or hospital or do research.

What to look for in a family doctor

If you're on a medical insurance plan, you should check your insurance providers list of doctors in your network. Read through the listing of GPs in the provider directory available from your health insurance company. Carefully research the doctors you are considering. Verify their qualifications, education, continuing education, insurance carriers they use and hospital affiliations by consulting Angie's List, where you can also see reviews and rankings from other members in that doctor's care.

If you have a chronic condition, you may want to look up advocacy associations to receive referrals for primary care doctors knowledgeable in working with patients with your condition. Several state associations can help you to research a doctor.  

When you've narrowed down your list, visit the doctor's office. You should feel confident that you can get in touch with your doctor when necessary and that office staff are helpful. Make sure that the doctor's hours fit with your schedule. You may also wish to ask if there are alternative ways to contact your doctor if you have a question, such as via email.

Be sure to observe the doctor's personality and find out his or her approach to diagnosis and treatment. Some doctors have a more professional communication style while others are more laid-back.  Some doctors also tend to be more thorough in testing, focus on prevention or offer more aggressive treatments. Look for a doctor who you are comfortable with. Finally, make sure that the doctor you choose values your opinion and allows you to work as a team to ensure you get the best health care possible. Family medicine is an important field in the health care system.

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